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Tuesday, February 19, 2008

SCAM_netwerksecure.net

http://netwerksecure.net/

netwerksecure.com

Netwerk Secure - Support, Services, - WIFI - \ Wireless Experts

SCAM
SCAM FRAUD technician / computer repair

do NOT work for these people

they want to pay $35 for you to go across town to pick up a part,
(like a hard drive, or motherboard)
then bring it to the customer, install it, and make the computer work.
There is no support, they do not pay mileage, parking, tools, or anything else

This is HP ( Hewlett Packard ) authorized service center
and they are a total joke.
The part that is shipped, is always the wrong part
On 1/2 of the jobs i did, they gave me emails with incorrect part numbers
or tracking numbers.

It also took an act of congress to get paid the measly $35 per job
Netwerk Secure

Saturday, February 16, 2008

NIU murders Kazmierczak

Industry Biotechnology
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/1/3A2/014

RandoMedia by Stephen Kazmierczak
http://www.softcom.net/users/mikey719/randomedia_screenshot.html



www.topglock.com
An Internet gun dealer based in Green Bay that sold a weapon to the Virginia Tech shooter last year, sold handgun accessories to the man who killed five at Northern Illinois University.
Eric Thompson says that his Web site, www.topglock.com, sold two empty 9 millimeter Glock magazines and a Glock holster to Kazmierczak on February 4.
The order arrived on Tuesday, just two days before the 27-year-old opened fire in a classroom.
Thompson says he has no idea whether the shooter was using the holster or magazines he sold. Each magazine can hold 33 bullets. Thompson says his site did not sell Kazmierczak any bullets or guns.

Another site run by Thompson's company also sold a handgun to the person who killed 32 people on the Virginia Tech campus last year.

Robert Kazmierczak


Stephen Kazmierczak. My name is Stephen Kazmierczak and I am 9 years old.
I live in Tucson Arizona and I am in the 3rd grade.

Using VB 5.0, I've created an app to play wav, midi, and cd's using the MM
control that comes with VB. Date: 1997/05/07
stephen Kazmierczak zik@wpi.edu
http://groups.google.com.my/group/microsoft.public.vb.winapi/msg/2fedb651ed62cf82
http://groups.google.com.my/groups/profile?enc_user=V0ZRyQsAAAChTvjnapcH5xcS8dpc6IJ9

Stephen Kazmierczak Senior Software Engineer Greater Boston Area

skazmierczak@gmail.com <== from niu criminal justice student association page

U of I, Champaign-Urbana phonebook:
alias: skazmie2
name: Kazmierczak Steven Phillip
pretty_name: Steven Phillip Kazmierczak
first_name: Steven
middle_name: Phillip
last_name: Kazmierczak
email: skazmie2@express.cites.uiuc.edu
student_department_name: School of Social Work
student_program_name: MSW:Social Work -UIUC
student_level_description: Graduate - Urbana-Champaign
student_major_name: Social Work
phone: (815) 508-2416
address: 1207 W. Oregon
: M/C 140
: Urbana, IL 61801
office_address: 1207 W. Oregon
: M/C 140
: Urbana, IL 61801
title: ACADEMIC HOURLY
department: School of Social Work
type: person phone student staff"

S t r e n g t h e n i n g V u l n e r a b l e F a m i l i e s

Polk County, Fla., sheriff's officials said they were asked to notify the suspect's father
— Robert Kazmierczak of Lakeland, Fla. — of his son's death.

Wasn't that VTech shooter a sociology student as well?
libertypost.org


served in the army (FOX) discharged



http://www.waxy.org/archive/2008/02/15/the_onli.shtml

Kazmierczak, 27, Killer of 5 Students, Studied Mental Health Issues, Worked at Prison
enlisted in September 2001, and was separated before he completed basic training,
a defense official told ABC News.
Reasons for his separation include not revealing a condition during initial screening, or not adapting to military life.
Kazmierczak had most recently been studying mental health issues at the University of Illinois,
and had taken a job at a prison, according to his academic adviser.
was employed, starting the 24th of September 2007, as a correction officer at the Rockville Correctional Facility,"
Garrison told ABCNEWS.com. "He left employment on the 9th of October 2007."
"He just did not come back to work,"
Kazmierczak had served as a member of the NIU Academic Criminal Justice Association,
was a teaching aid during his undergraduate years and in 2006 even received a Dean's Award from the sociology department.
In 2006 Kazmierczak was a co-author of an essay entitled "Self-Injury in Correctional Settings: 'Pathology' of Prisons or of Prisoners,"
in which an attached biography describes him as having just begun his graduate work at NIU.
Kazmierczak's interests are listed as corrections, political violence and peace and social justice, according to the essay, and he had plans to co-author a manuscript on the role of religion in the formation of early prisons.
Kazmierczak worked as the Pirates Cove Children's Theme Park in his hometown in 1995, according to the park's director.
He had an acceptable employee record.

Rockville Correctional Facility for Women
Kazmierczak was Vice-President of the NIU Academic Criminal Justice Association in 2005

"I remember Steve Kazmierczak … the kind of person who injured kids on the train ride cuz he was mental
and he shouldn't be given domain over kids on little faux-traincars with an aluminum baseball bat … "

At approximately 3:15 p.m. Thursday, Kazmierczak — dressed in black and armed with three handguns and a shotgun
— entered an introductory geology class and opened fire.

was discharged from the United States Army in February 2002

The gunman who fatally shot five students before killing himself in a Northern Illinois University lecture hall,
likely planned his murder spree at least a week in advance, investigators said today.
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=4293081&page=1

Kazmierczak received the accessories from topglock.com, owned by TGSCOM Inc., on Tuesday,
two days before the shooting. It remains unknown if the accessories were used in the shooting.

Kazmierczak's father, Robert, lives in Lakeland, Fla., and his mother died in September 2006.

Student Edward Robinson told WLS-TV in Chicago that the gunman appeared to target students in one part of the lecture hall.
"It was almost like he knew who he wanted to shoot," Robinson said.
"He knew who and where he wanted to be firing at."

He was in the Army for about six months in 2001-02, but he told a friend he'd gotten a psychological discharge.
http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=4300440

Kazmierczak (pronounced kaz-MUR-chek) grew up in the Chicago suburb of Elk Grove Village. He was a B student at Elk Grove High School, where school district spokeswoman Venetia Miles said he was active in band and took Japanese before graduating in 1998. He was also in the chess club.

They included the names of four victims Daniel Parmenter, Ryanne Mace, Julianna Gehant, Catalina Garcia. Gayle Dubowski
http://abcnews.go.com/US/WireStory?id=4300440&page=3

ABC News has learned that all four guns involved in the NIU shooting were purchased legally from the same Champaign, Ill., gun dealer. The Remington shotgun and the 9 mm Glock were purchased Saturday. The Hi Point 380 was purchased Dec. 30, 2007 and the 9 mm S Sauer was purchased Aug. 6, 2007 from the same gun dealer.

Witnesses said the gunman, dressed in black and wearing a stocking cap, emerged from behind a screen on the stage of 200-seat Cole Hall and opened fire just as the class was about to end around 3 p.m

========
Robert Kazmierczak
kazmrczk@pop.life.uiuc.edu
Well done on researching the history of the Kazmierczaks. I occassionally enter people's names and your site came up. I am the 3rd son of Arthur Kazmierczak (son of Brunislaw Kazmierczak), both of whom were on your geneology chart. For your notes, my f ther passed away on Feb. 6th of this year. I have five siblings...if you wish, I can provide you with detailed birthdate and marrige information on my family as well as Kazmierczak links (my brother Arthur Jr. (Buck) is currently a part owner of an ISP a d is installing internet hubs in the east coast, so we are definitely web-connected.) Once again, well done on the researches. I would like to hear if you manage to get farther back in the Kazmierczak line. Sincerely, Robert Kazmierczak (born 09/03/71) Department of Microbiology University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana Urbana, IL 61801 kazmrczk@pop.life.uiuc.edu
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Pointe/3090/geobook.html


Dr. Robert Kazmierczak
Dr. Robert Kazmierczak is the Raymond W. Freese Fellow at the CRC. He received his BS in Bacteriology at the University of Wisconsin, studying regulation of Vitamin B12 production by Salmonella enteria (serovar Typhimurium) and interning at Upjohn Pharmaceuticals. He earned his MS and Ph.D. in Microbiology from the University of Illinois, during which time he held a NIH Cell and Molecular Biology Training Grant fellowship to research chronic viral infections. He later studied at Washington University in St. Louis. At the CRC, he is conducting research to characterize and develop therapeutic Salmonella enterica as a treatment for prostate cancer.

Regulation of site-specific recombination by the C-terminus of integrase
Robert A. Kazmierczak, Brian M. Swalla2, Alex B. Burgin3, Richard I. Gumport1 and Jeffrey F. Gardner*
Department of Microbiology and 1 Department of Biochemistry and College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/30/23/5193

Sui Z, Sniderhan LF, Fan S, Kazmierczak K, Reisinger E, Kovács AD, Potash MJ, Dewhurst S, Gelbard HA, Maggirwar SB "Human immunodeficiency virus-encoded Tat activates glycogen synthase kinase-3beta to antagonize nuclear factor-kappaB survival pathway in neurons." Eur J Neurosci. 2006 May;23(10):2623-34
http://www.miner.rochester.edu/smd/mbi/faculty/dewhurst.htm







The gunman who shot and killed church worshippers and workers in Arvada and Colorado Springs, Colorado has been identified as Matthew Murray, 24, of Englewood, Colorado. He was the son of a prominent Denver neurosurgeon.
He reportedly first killed two workers at the Youth With a Mission organization and wounded two others before fleeing the scene. According to CNN reports, the gunman worked with the organization a few years ago but had a falling out. He had reportedly sent them several threatening letters prior to the assault. The school was a training center for missionaries.

Twelve hours later he killed two sisters and their father was wounded in the church parking lot of The New Life Church in Colorado Springs, 70 miles from Denver. He was killed by a female security guard as he entered the church. The gunman threw a hand grenade into the mega church at the start of the second assault. One of the church pastors indicates they had no ties to the gunman. The church has a membership of 7,000.

The killings came only days after a gunman opened fire in an Omaha, Nebraska mall, killing 8 people and then turning the gun on himself.
http://bittenandbound.com/2007/12/10/matthew-murray-shooter-in-colorado-killings/

http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/12/10/colorado.shootings/index.html
It seemed like it was me, the gunman, and God," said Jeanne Assam,
describing her feelings as she confronted a man who charged into her Colorado Springs church Sunday firing a weapon.
Police said a man with a beard, wearing a dark jacket, glasses,
and skullcap, entered the facility, got into a dispute with a staff member about whether he could stay there for the night, and then opened fire.
I was weak, and where I was weak, God made me strong," she said. "He filled me and he guided me and protected me and many other people. And I'm honored that God chose me."
Assam was one of about a dozen volunteer security guards at the church, half of whom are armed, Boyd said. The guards are licensed, trained and screened, and are church members, not "mercenaries," he said

National Flight - Ohio Phil Kazmierczak
National Flight Services Inc PhilKazmierczak@nationalflight.com
http://www.zoominfo.com/people/Kazmierczak_Phil_36046683.aspx


It didn't take long for online sleuths to identify the man behind the shootings at Northern Illinois University yesterday. Early this morning, before the police or the Associated Press released his name, online sleuths identified the 27-year-old man as Stephen P. Kazmierczak. Online, he went by "Steve Kaz," "Kazmier," and "StatisticsGrad."

Working from there, a few blogs went to work at discovering his online accounts and other trails he's left online. Here's what we know so far, and I'll be updating this entry throughout the day as I find more.

Academic

As mentioned in several news articles, he was the vice-president of the school's Academic Criminal Justice Association. Their executive officers page lists one of his email addresses, skazmierczak@gmail.com. Searching for that email address shows some discussion list activity from 2004 related to his work, but nothing recent.

Here's his biography for his Vice-President position. (Via Steve Huff from True Crime Weblog.)
Steve served as an undergrad teaching aid for Sociology 388 (corrections) and 488 (juvenile delinquency) in spring, 2004. He has strong interests in justice reform and, as an older sociology/criminal justice major, he brings experience and ideas to the group.

My name is Steve Kazmierczak, and I'm a 3rd year student here at NIU. During my sophomore year I served as an aid for the SOCI170 web-board and last semester, I was fortunate to have the opportunity to be a team leader for SOCI488-Juvenile Delinquency. Since attending NIU, I've worked very hard as a student, and I know that I would be able to forth the same effort as an officer of the ACA. I feel that I'm committed to social justice, and if elected as treasurer I promise to serve the NIU chapter of the ACA to the
best of my ability.

The following information was retrieved from the University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign's student database before it was removed. (Found on Odd Culture.)
alias: skazmie2
name: Kazmierczak Steven Phillip
pretty_name: Steven Phillip Kazmierczak
email: skazmie2@express.cites.uiuc.edu
sudent_department_name: School of Social Work
student_program_name: MSW:Social Work -UIUC
student_level_description: Graduate - Urbana-Champaign
student_major_name: Social Work
phone: (815) 508-2416
office_address: 1207 W. Oregon, M/C 140, Urbana, IL 61801
title: ACADEMIC HOURLY
department: School of Social Work
type: person phone student staff


The NIU staff is removing pages where he was mentioned, but you can see in the Google cache that he won the 2006 Dean's Award and the Sociology Honors Society.

Here's a very short video of Stephen in class, taken by a professor in January 2004.

Personal

True Crime Weblog also discovered that he had problems with Paypal in this PaypalSucks thread from March 2007. He wrote, "Somebody please help me out, as I am desperate. I need this money to survive, as I am a poor graduate student just trying to make it by, which is why I started using Ebay in the first place, (to supplement the income I made through an assistantship)."

Testimonials

On a few sites, anonymous commenters that reportedly knew Kazmierczak have stepped forward to tell their stories. These are mostly anonymous, so it's impossible to verify their accuracy.

From Odd Culture, posted today:
I knew this kid, friend of a friend type deal. He was odd, quiet always gave me a creepy vibe, but then a lot of people give me that so I didn't think anything of it. Last I remember seeing him was in early jan. he showed me his tattoo's. They were all graphic an gory, but thats what guys like as tattoos. One was the doll from the Saw movies. I found that a little weird, why would a guy this age have a tattoo of some terrifying doll that signified nothing but a crazy serial killer. It scared me. But whatever floats your boat I thought. Then they started talking about his guns, he didn't bring it up, but just sat there and said a few things here and there jokingly, but quiet. I immediately thought why in the hell does this kid have a gun? He doesn't look like a hunter and didn't live anywhere I would consider dangerous enough for a gun, let alone two. The only thing I could think of is that he needed to prove something to himself or to someone else, since he was tall and gangly, and didn't look like he was mr popular. It's scary knowing that I hung out with that kid, that I sat there and discussed these things with him. He is one of those guys that you just know something is wrong with him the first time you meet him, but he's nice so you figure he is just a little odd. As for a motive goes, I do know that he had some issues with his sexuality, maybe it has something to do with that.


Also posted today on Odd Culture, by someone named "William":
I can't believe some of you, I grew up with Steve. I don't know what happened after we graduated high school to put him down this path but the kid I grew up with was a decent kid. I sat and ate lunch with him from grade school on up, we were in the same classes.

No matter how terrible his last acts I can't reconcile this with the adult I knew graduating high school, and the kid I grew up with.


In April 2006, Jim Schaffer posted a very long rant mentioning Kazmierczak on an Aphex Twin fan forum. Radar Online confirmed that Kazmierczak worked at the Elks Grove Pirates Cove children's theme park in 1995, so this one's definitely real.
steve motherfucking kazmierczak. yes thats exactly the problem here.

i was working at pirates cove in late 1995 and i was you know $4.50/hr child labor laws be damned and like i remember steve kazmierczak, the kind of kid who engaged in odd acts of fellatio with his dog, the kind of kid who'd go and masturbate in the bathroom while you were over at his house, the kind of person who injured kids on the train ride cuz he was mental and he shouldn't be given domain over kids on little faux-traincars with an aluminum baseball bat... when steve fucking kazmierczak ran up to me in late 95 early 96 proudly boasting his brand new copy of "i care because you do" like he was finally in with the cool kids.

both me and my friend joe died a little bit that day.


This morning, an anonymous commenter on The Copycat Effect wrote:
I attended just about every position with Steve at NIU. My senior year he was my Teachers Assistant for a quantitative research methods course. I would have never expected Steve to become involved in such a massive tragedy. He was always very nice, helpful, and a scholar. It is really a shame that he went and did something like this.


Comments
Maybe Aphex Twin will get blamed for it like Marilyn Manson got blamed for Columbine. How awesome would that be?
posted by tim on February 15, 2008 12:38 PM

Any word on what video games he played?
posted by nowak on February 15, 2008 1:00 PM

"Then they started talking about his guns,"

That's BS, because he bought his guns the saturday before the shooting.
posted by wizardpc on February 15, 2008 1:34 PM

Which one was he on: Effexor or Paxil? Either one causes huge withdrawal problems...

When are we going to learn about these meds?
posted by JohnEBoy on February 15, 2008 2:00 PM

Man was that a diaster
posted by Gerardo on February 15, 2008 2:28 PM

He bought two guns this week but had a couple of others well before this week.
posted by Scoot on February 15, 2008 2:30 PM

People sometimes get emotionally disturbed. They get angry. They get despondent. If guns are readily available to those people, they are more likely to kill themselves and kill other people than if guns were not readily available to them. The people who see these mass shootings as a justification for a proliferation of guns are putting their political ideology ahead of common sense. More guns in the hands of angry and despondent people means MORE violence, not less.
posted by Tim Bracken on February 15, 2008 2:41 PM

i don't know what was wrong with this guy he does not looking to be a problem.i'm so sorry for those who were killed and for those who were wounded.i pray for all students at NIU.we need better securities at ours campuses and keep ours students safer.NIU students god bless you all.and god bless AMERICA.keep ours students safe.
posted by zemina on February 15, 2008 3:18 PM

So how did the guy go from being a junior in high school in 2004 (according to the website blog) and a senior in 2005 (according to the LJ) to being 27 in 2008?!? He would be 21. You've seriously got the wrong guy! There must be plenty of "Steve Kaz*"s out there and this just doesn't add up. Though the photo released looks like he's closer to 21 than the reported 27.
posted by Tamara on February 15, 2008 3:30 PM

The Livejournal account wasn't his.
posted by Andy Baio on February 15, 2008 3:36 PM

Do a search on "Effexor withdrawal" and you'll see what caused him to go absolutely beserk!

This stuff is WICKED!
posted by Barney Rubble on February 15, 2008 4:01 PM

According to NIU campus Police there were 4 guns used. he could have easily had 2 guns months before he bought them on the 9th. Also, if he was a gradaute of 07 from NIU, he could have been 21 but if you look at NIU's site, he was 27.
posted by samantha on February 15, 2008 4:41 PM

cannot underestimate the importance of med withdrawal to this tragedy. SSRI's are NOT what Big Pharma cranks them up to be.
anyone looking for "why's" would be wise to start w/the meds. He is not the first to go berserk and with SSRI's like candy in America, most likely he's not the last.
posted by jeffrey on February 15, 2008 6:26 PM

I believe it about the meds. What I don't understand is why do some people (I think most) try to commit suicide while others lash out like Steve did?

Come to think of it..he did take himself out to but the fact remains he couldn't go without taking
others. I just don't understand.
posted by Martin on February 16, 2008 12:57 AM

Do we know the name of the priests who molested him while he was a Roman Catholic altarboy?
posted by Will on February 16, 2008 5:41 AM

Wednesday, February 13, 2008

http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article_C&cid=1201957628221&pagename=Zone-English-Muslim_Affairs%2FMAELayout

Revisiting Wahhabism

Historical Development (Part One)

By Dr. Natana Delong-Bas

Professor - Boston College



Image

Emir Faisal, leading the Saudi Wahhabi armies in 1926, prepares an advance.

Since the tragic events of 9/11, Saudi Arabia and its official interpretation of Islam, popularly known as Wahhabism, have been thrust into the media spotlight. Politicians, journalists, and academics alike have posited an inherent connection between Wahhabism, violence, extremism, intolerance and fanaticism that culminated in the terrorist acts undertaken by Usama bin Ladin’s al-Qaida network based on the fact that 15 out of the 19 hijackers were Saudis.

In such a politically and emotionally charged atmosphere, fear, denunciation, and protectionism have often trumped careful academic analysis of the origins, developments and current manifestations of Wahhabism in its varied forms.

This is an attempt to highlight the origins and contemporary trends of Wahhabism, giving particular attention to the issues of jihad and takfiri ideology and how they are being reformed [1].

Founding Principles

Takfir was not a tenet of Wahhabism as originally founded.
Wahhabism began as an Islamic revival (tajdid) and reform (islah) movement in 18th century Arabia. Founded by Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab, a scholar and jurist from Najd, Wahhabism sought to return Muslims, both women and men, to the direct, personal study of the Qur’an and Sunnah (example of the Prophet Muhammad) in order to break away from adherence to past tradition (taqlid) in favor of renewed and refreshed interpretation (ijtihad).

Although Wahhabism today is often accused of ignoring Islam’s long history of scholarship and interpretation, Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab himself frequently cited the rulings of the founders not only of the four extant mainstream Sunni Islamic law schools (madhahib), but also two extinct Sunni schools and one Shii school, in his discussions of legal principles prior to coming to his own conclusions.

He did not accept any interpreter, including Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Ibn Taymiyya, as being authoritative. Only the Qur’an enjoyed such authoritative status. The hadith enjoyed such authoritative status only when they were in keeping with the teachings and, most importantly, values of the Qur’an.

Wahhabism’s central theme was tawhid, meaning absolute monotheism. Adherence to tawhid was reflected in the terminology used by the movement to describe itself – muwahhidun or ahl al-tawhid, meaning those dedicated to the central principle of tawhid as reflected in their insistence upon the absolute uniqueness of God so that nothing and no one should ever be associated with God, a practice known as shirk.

Tawhid vs. Shirk

The centrality of tawhid to the worldview of Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab is reflected in his most widespread work, Kitab al-Tawhid, which outlined in detail the impact that belief in tawhid was intended to have in guiding one’s life and actions, particularly interactions with others.

Although Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab himself emphasized the need for an invitational approach to Islam, known as daw’ah, historically, the thematic focus on tawhid and shirk led to the development of a takfiri ideology by some Wahhabis in which those who disagree with Wahhabi ideology are denounced as infidels (kuffar) who are subject to jihad as holy war.

Because this practice has been controversial both historically and in the contemporary era, it is important to note that takfir was not a tenet of Wahhabism as originally founded. Indeed, Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab did not declare anyone who disagreed with him to be either a kafir (infidel or unbeliever) or a mushrik (associationist).

He reserved these terms for individuals who had committed certain actions – either making the declaration of faith in Islam after studying the religion and then publicly rejecting that faith or engaging in downright idolatry (thus rendering the person a kafir), or committing an action that violated God’s tawhid, such as praying to a saint for intercession or using a talisman for good luck (thus rendering a person a mushrik).

Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab did not use the terms interchangeably because he recognized that being a kafir was a deliberate act of the will that could occur only after receiving instruction in the faith, while being a mushrik was something that a person could do accidentally due to ignorance.

Consequently, he taught that the correct approach to dealing with both cases was to call the person back to the faith and instruct him or her as to why the commission of these actions was wrong. Only if the person persisted in apostasy (rejecting the faith of Islam after previously declaring oneself to be a Muslim) to the point of refusing to allow Muslims to practice their own faith might the death penalty be considered and this only in the case of an individual, not in the case of a community or collective body. In other words, being a mushrik or a kafir in and of itself was not sufficient reason to fight or kill an individual or a group of people [2].

Jihad in Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab's Worldview

Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab wrote only one treatise on jihad, whose purpose was to limit, rather than to expand, the circumstances under which jihad could be declared.
As long as Muslims were free to practice and study their faith, Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab permitted them to live even among the kuffar, although this was not necessarily desirable [3]. This position stands in marked contrast to extremist groups like the Kharijites and al-Qaida, who declare anyone who disagrees with them to be a kafir subject to jihad as holy war.

It also stands in marked contrast to how a more exclusivist interpretation of Wahhabism has been put into practice in certain times and places, based on adherence to a literal and selective interpretation of the teachings of Ibn Taymiyya, such as by the Wahhabi adherents who sacked the shrines and massacred the Shii populations in Najaf and Karbala in 1802 and by the Ikhwan who helped to unite portions of Saudi Arabia in the late 1920s.

Unlike tawhid and shirk, jihad was not a prominent theme in Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab’s legal and theological writings. Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab wrote only one treatise – Kitab al-Jihad – on jihad, the purpose of which was to limit, rather than to expand, the circumstances under which jihad could justifiably be declared.

The treatise details the parameters of how jihad is to be engaged, by whom and against whom, and for what purposes, with emphasis on restrictions to fighting, killing and the destruction of property, limitation of jihad to the self-defense of a geographically limited and specific Muslim community under military attack or the imminent threat of military attack, and the assertion of jihad as a collective (fard kifayah), rather than individual (fard ‘ayn), duty.

In addition, Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab absolutely forbade the killing of civilians and non-combatants, whether during the conflict or afterward, prohibited rape and plunder as tools of war or reward for combatants, and denied the use of jihad for the singular purpose of expansion of political power and territory.

In his interpretation, jihad was intended to be used strictly for the defense of the Muslim community and its right to practice its faith freely [4]. He specifically stated that differences of opinion in religious interpretation were not justifications for engaging in jihad or violence. Such religious differences were to be addressed through the use of da’wah as a means of debate and education [5].

Wahhabism vs. Jihadism

Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab did not assert a permanent division of the world into the House of Islam and the House of War as contemporary jihadis do.
These major themes suggest a marked difference between Wahhabism and the contemporary ideology of jihadism with its focus on the establishment of an Islamic state ruled by the Sharia (by force, if necessary), consideration of multiple levels of “offensive” and “defensive” activities, including not only physical “attacks,” but also political, economic, financial, moral, religious, and cultural “attacks,” and even simple disagreement, and ongoing, unlimited global jihad that is the obligation of the individual (fard ‘ayn), rather than of the community (fard kifayah) [6].

With respect to interactions with non-Wahhabi or non-Muslim communities, Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab did not assert a permanent division of the world into the House of Islam (dar al-Islam) and the House of War (dar al-harb) as contemporary jihadis do. Instead, he called for the establishment of a formal relationship via a truce or armistice (resulting in dar al-sulh) as a matter of public interest (maslahah), making it clear that a permanent state of jihad was neither desirable nor in keeping with public interest [7].

Contractual relationships could be established with Christians, Jews and other religions with a revealed Scripture [8] (referred to as either ahl al-kitab, People of the Book, or ahl al-dhimmah, People of the Covenant) to be governed by payment of the jizyah (poll tax) in exchange for security provided by the Muslims. Once made and as long as the jizyah is paid, this contract is eternally binding and cannot be broken by the Muslims, even during war.

The dhimmi have the right to retain and practice their own faith, raise their children in that faith, and be rescued or ransomed by Muslims in the event that they are taken prisoner during a war. Once ransomed, the full freedom, property and security of the dhimmi are to be restored. Based on the example of the Prophet and as a matter of public interest (maslahah), Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab further extended this contractual arrangement to the kuffar, mushrikun, and Rafidah (literally apostates, but often used to refer to Shiites).

These teachings by the founder of Wahhabism provide a basis for establishing formal relationships with non-Wahhabis, both Muslim and non-Muslim, that respect the right of non-Wahhabis to both practice their religion and be included as part of the community.

The historical record clearly contains examples both of adherence to this idea and rejection of it in favor of a more exclusivist stance. Today, there are indications that the Saudi government and religious establishment are reconsidering and reclaiming, at least in theory, this foundational stance, with some steps being taken toward putting theory into practice through reform.




[1] For more detailed analysis of the legal and theological works of Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab and their comparison and contrast to contemporary jihadi ideology, see Natana J. DeLong-Bas. Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad, rev. ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.

[2] Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Fatawa wa-masa’il al-Imam al-Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab,” in Mu’allafat al-Shaykh al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab. Vol. 3. Riyadh: Jamiat al-Imam Muhammad bin Saud al-Islamiyah, 1398H, p. 45.

[3] Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Kitab al-Jihad,” in Mu’allafat al-Shaykh al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab. Vol. 2. Riyadh: Jamiat al-Imam Muhammad bin Saud al-Islamiyah, 1398H, p. 403.

[4] Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Kitab al-Jihad.” Details of the parameters of jihad in Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab’s writings can be found in Chapter 5, “Jihad: Call to Islam or Call to Violence?” in DeLong-Bas. Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad.

[5] Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Kitab al-Tawhid,” 22, and Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Kitab Kashf al-Shubuhat,”both in Mu’allafat al-Shaykh al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab. Vol. 1. Riyadh: Jamiat al-Imam Muhammad bin Saud al-Islamiyah, 1398H, 160-1.

[6] This approach is based on a literal interpretation of Ibn Taymiyya’s argumentation as exemplified by Abdullah Al-Azzam, the mentor of Usama bin Ladin, in “Join the Caravan,” available at http://www.religioscope.com.

[7] Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab. “Kitab al-Jihad,” p. 398.

[8] He specifically includes in his definition Samaritans, Jacobites, Melchites, Nestorians, the French, the Romans, the Armenians, and the Magis, as well as Jews and Christians in general and “anyone who has borrowed from their religion” or “anyone to whom is a similar book” or “anyone who derives their origin from the law of Jesus.” “Kitab al-Jihad,” 403.



Natana DeLong-Bas is a professor in the Theology Department at Boston College. Delong-Bas worked as a senior research assistant at the Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding at Georgetown University. She is the author of Notable Muslims: A Biographical Dictionary (2004), Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad, and co-author of Women in Muslim Family Law revised edition, with John L. Esposito (2001). She has served as editor for and contributor to The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (OUP, 2003), and contributor to The Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an (2004), and The Encyclopedia of the Islamic World (OUP, 2004). She is a frequent public speaker on Islam, Wahhabism, and Saudi Arabia.

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